1Browser — The user types a URL (e.g., www.igcgolf.com). The browser needs to find the IP address for this domain name.

2DNS Lookup — The browser sends a DNS query. The DNS resolver translates the domain name to an IP address (e.g., 192.168.1.10) and returns it to the browser.

3HTTP Request — The browser opens a TCP connection to the server IP and sends an HTTP GET request with headers (Host, User-Agent, Accept, etc.).

4Web Server — Apache or Nginx receives the request, determines the correct handler (static file, PHP script, or proxy), and forwards it to the application server.

5App Server + Database — PHP/Node.js processes business logic, queries the MySQL/MongoDB database, retrieves data, and generates an HTML response.

6HTTP Response & Rendering — The server sends an HTTP 200 response with the HTML content. The browser parses HTML into the DOM, applies CSS (CSSOM), executes JavaScript, and paints the final page.